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COVID-19[feminine] was the leading infectious disease killer for children and adolescents in the United States between August 2021 and July 2022, according to a new analysis. It also ranked among the leading causes of death for any reason among American children and adolescents during the same period, the researchers determined.
The research, published Monday, January 30 in the journal Open JAMA Network (opens in a new tab)used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER (Wonde-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database, which includes mortality statistics from death certificates.
The analysis only considered deaths where COVID-19 was listed as the underlying or primary cause of death, as opposed to a contributing factor. During the study period, 821 people aged 19 and under died from the disease; that’s an overall mortality rate of about one death from COVID-19 per 100,000 people in the age group.
“COVID-19 deaths constituted 2% of all causes of death in this age group,” the researchers reported.
To put this death toll in context, the team pulled child and adolescent mortality data from 2019, before the pandemic began. In doing so, they checked the National Center for Health Statistics’ ranked list of causes of death, where causes are ranked by how often they are reported.
Related: The ‘Kraken’ COVID subvariant: What to know about the fast-growing omicron offspring
Placed in this list, the death rate from COVID-19 during the study period exceeded the death rate from influenza and pneumonia in 2019 – reported at 0.6 deaths per 100,000 people – and was just below deaths from heart disease – 1.1 deaths per 100,000 people. This placed COVID-19 eighth out of 10 ranked causes of death.
If the team excluded deaths unrelated to the disease, i.e. those caused by unintentional injuries, assaults or suicides, COVID-19 ranked fifth among the remaining causes of death. . (Unintentional injuries initially ranked second, at 9.1 deaths per 100,000 people, and assaults and suicides ranked fourth and fifth, respectively, at about 3.4 deaths per 100,000 people.)
“Our study period, August 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022, coincides with significant waves of COVID-19 delta infection and Omicron variants“, note the researchers in their report.
Finally, the researchers looked at the top 10 causes of death dating back to 2015. They found that the ranking remained largely unchanged between 2015 and 2021, with the exception of COVID-19 appearing on the list in 2021.
“In this study, COVID-19 was a leading cause of death among people aged 0 to 19 in the United States,” the study authors concluded. “Our findings underscore the public health relevance of COVID-19 for CYP [children and young people].”
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