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- Kathy Leungassistant professor12 3,
- Tommy TY LamAssociate Professor1 2,
- Joseph T Wuteacher1 2 3
- 1WHO Collaborating Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- 2Data Discovery Lab for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
- 3University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Write to: Kathy Leung, ksmleung{at}hku.hk
Global reports of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in birds are increasing, with cases reported in all regions except Australasia and Antarctica since 2020.1 The global spread of these avian influenza epidemics is unprecedented, resulting in significant economic losses for the poultry industries and tourism, and posing a significant threat to global health security and animal ecology.
In Europe, 2520 outbreaks of H5N1 were reported in poultry between October 2021 and September 2022, and the virus was also detected in 3867 dead wild birds.2 The United States reported 131 mammalian infections of the H5N1 virus among bears, foxes, raccoons, skunks and seals between May 2022 and February 2023.3 In October 2022, an outbreak of H5N1 in Spanish farmed mink was first reported,4 sparking fears that the virus could soon become transmissible between humans (mink are physiologically similar to ferrets, the animal model used to study the transmissibility of influenza viruses in humans).5
On February 24, 2023, an 11-year-old girl died of H5N1 avian influenza infection in Cambodia and…
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