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Dengue Virus Signs: Take a look at these 7 unusual symptoms that are often overlooked.
Most people are familiar with the dengue virus and its symptoms. The disease is prevalent in tropical and subtropical climates like India. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than half of the world’s population is at risk of contracting the dengue virus, with more than 100 to 400 million new infections occurring each year.
Dengue fever is a viral infection caused by the dengue fever virus (DENV). the virus is usually transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. DENV can sometimes be asymptomatic in people while on the other hand, it can cause severe symptoms that can even lead to death. The disease poses a significant risk to immunocompromised people such as young children, the elderly, and people with comorbidities. Dengue virus is an evolving virus that periodically produces new, stronger strains. Further evolution of dengue virus occurs due to genetic mutations or introduction of new viruses from other regions.
We spoke to Dr. Prashant Bhatt, Senior Internal Medicine Consultant, Manipal Hospitals, Patialato better understand the different strains of dengue virus currently circulating in the environment and the symptoms they can cause.
New dengue virus strains and their types
Dengue virus is caused by four different serotypes of the virus, called DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. Each type represents a separate strain of the virus. The latest DENV-2 strain is known to be one of the deadliest variants that cause severe dengue symptoms. These may include:
high fever
Sudden onset of high fever, often reaching 104 F (40 C). The fever can last from 2 to 7 days.
severe headaches
Intense headaches, often described as a “pressing” or “throbbing” feeling.
eye pain
Pain behind the eyes, especially during eye movements. It is a characteristic symptom of dengue fever.
Muscle and joint pain
Severe muscle and joint pain, often called “broken bone fever”. The pain can be debilitating and is usually felt in the lower back, limbs and joints.
Eruption
The appearance of a maculopapular rash (red spots or bumps) on the skin, which may be itchy. The rash usually starts on the trunk and spreads to the limbs.
Fatigue
Deep fatigue and weakness, which often lasts for weeks even after the fever has subsided.
Nausea and vomiting
Feeling of nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.
Light bleeding
In some cases, there may be minor bleeding manifestations, such as nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or easy bruising.
How to protect yourself from dengue fever?
As viral season returns, it is important to take care of yourself from the disease. Here are some steps you can take to prevent it:
- Remove mosquito breeding sites: Empty, clear or cover these areas to eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites.
- Use mosquito nets and screens: Sleep under a mosquito net, especially if you live in a high risk area for dengue fever. Make sure windows and doors have screens to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home.
- Wear protective clothing: When outdoors, wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks and shoes to minimize skin exposure and reduce mosquito bites.
- Apply insect repellent: Use an insect and reapply as directed and follow directions for safe use, especially for children.
- Avoid going outside during peak hours: Mosquitoes come out in the evening and are most active throughout the night. It is advisable to avoid going outside during this period.
New strains of dengue fever are a cause for concern, but taking preventative measures can minimize the risk of the disease. If symptoms appear, a doctor should be contacted immediately for treatment.
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