Caring for the skin you’re in

Having a “tan” has long been glamorized. However, a tan is actually a sign of skin damage. The skin acts in self-defense and releases melanin, a pigment that darkens the skin. With a lifetime of repeated exposure, including sunburn, this damage can lead to premature aging and eventually skin cancer. About a third of adults get sunburned at least once a year and more than half of high school students suffer from severe burns.

There are two types of ultraviolet radiation that penetrate the skin:

• UV-B rays penetrate the upper layers of the skin and are the main culprits of sunburn.
• UV-A rays penetrate deep layers of the skin and are often associated with allergic reactions, such as a rash.

Tanning salons use lamps that emit both UV-A and UV-B rays, rays that can damage the skin and lead to skin cancer. Oregon and Washington are the only states that prohibit minors (under 18) from using indoor tanning devices unless prescribed by a doctor.

You can take steps to protect yourself from harmful UV rays that cause skin cancer.

• Don’t burn.
• Cover up when you are outside.
• Seek shade or use an umbrella.
• Apply sunscreen generously.
• Use extra care around water, snow, and sun-reflecting sand.
• Avoid tanning and tanning beds.

According to the National Cancer Institute, exposure to UV radiation that results in a tan, whether from the sun or from tanning beds and sunlamps, increases the risk of developing skin cancer.

There are different types of skin cancer. Melanoma is the deadliest because it is more likely to invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body. However, melanoma is less common than other types of skin cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Did you know it’s a myth that only fair or fair-skinned people are at higher risk? Although dark skin does not burn as easily as light skin, everyone is susceptible to skin cancer.

Enjoying the outdoors is always recommended, according to
Herschel Wallen, MDa medical oncologist with Samaritan Consultants in Hematology and Oncology.

“I encourage my patients to use a mineral-based sunscreen (like zinc) with a minimum SPF (sun protection factor) of 15; wear loose clothing; long sleeves, pants or sun protection clothing; a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses,” Dr. Wallen said. “The best way to be safe, have fun, and prevent skin cancer is to protect your skin.