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Three scientists have won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for pioneering contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems – including how humanity affects Earth’s climate.
The winners, Siokoro Manabe, Klaus Haselmann and Giorgio Baresi, will share the 10 million Swedish kronor (£870,000) prize announced on Tuesday by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Half of the prize will be shared by Manabe, of Princeton University in the US, and Klaus Haselmann, at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg, Germany, for the physical modeling of Earth’s climate, the measurement of variability and the reliably prediction of global warming.
The other half goes to Baresi, Sapienza University in Rome, Italy, to discover the interplay between chaos and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales.
Complex systems are random, chaotic, and difficult to understand. This year’s award recognizes new ways of describing and predicting its long-term behaviour.
Physics was the area of prize first mentioned by Alfred Nobel in his will from 1895, which stipulated that his remaining property be used entirely to award “prizes to those who, during the preceding year, had bestowed upon mankind the greatest benefit.”
Other awards are prizes for Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and the Peace Championship.
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